American slavery is often misrepresented as an archaic, inefficient system benefiting only a few Southern elites. However, it was a modern enterprise, particularly evident in cotton slavery from the late 18th century to the Civil War, evolving to maximize profits.
Thousands of enslaved individuals were transported to the Deep South, where they were forced into highly efficient labor to meet the demand for cotton. This labor surge led to a 400% increase in daily cotton yield per person from 1801 to 1862, propelling the United States to economic preeminence.
Recent research highlights how America developed a sophisticated system to monetize enslaved labor, particularly in the Deep South's cotton fields, marked by violence and meticulous record-keeping. Plantation owners collaborated with financial entities in the North and Britain, effectively profiting from enslaved labor.
Scholarship by historians like Edward E. Baptist and writings such as Ta-Nehisi Coates's "The Case for Reparations" shed light on slavery's enduring injustices. As America commemorates 400 years since enslaved Africans arrived in Virginia in 1619, there's renewed focus on acknowledging these injustices and understanding slavery's economic impact, crucial for contemporary discussions on reparations.